DCMI Metadata Terms - other
type: NamedIndividual
Date Modified: 2012-06-14
publisher: DCMI

Agent
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
type: Agent Class
comment: A resource that acts or has the power to act.

Agent Class
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A group of agents.
subclass of: Class

Bibliographic Resource
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A book, article, or other documentary resource.

DCMI Box
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of regions in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Box Encoding Scheme.

DCMI Type Vocabulary
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of classes specified by the DCMI Type Vocabulary, used to categorize the nature or genre of the resource.

DDC
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of conceptual resources specified by the Dewey Decimal Classification.

File Format
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A digital resource format.
subclass of: Media Type

Frequency
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A rate at which something recurs.

IMT
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of media types specified by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.

ISO 3166
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of codes listed in ISO 3166-1 for the representation of names of countries.

ISO 639-2
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The three-letter alphabetic codes listed in ISO639-2 for the representation of names of languages.

ISO 639-3
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The set of three-letter codes listed in ISO 639-3 for the representation of names of languages.

Jurisdiction
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The extent or range of judicial, law enforcement, or other authority.
subclass of: Location, Period, or Jurisdiction

LCC
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of conceptual resources specified by the Library of Congress Classification.

LCSH
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of labeled concepts specified by the Library of Congress Subject Headings.

License Document
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource.
subclass of: Rights Statement

Linguistic System
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
description: Written, spoken, sign, and computer languages are linguistic systems.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.

Location
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A spatial region or named place.
subclass of: Location, Period, or Jurisdiction

Location, Period, or Jurisdiction
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A location, period of time, or jurisdiction.

MeSH
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of labeled concepts specified by the Medical Subject Headings.

Media Type
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A file format or physical medium.
subclass of: Media Type or Extent

Media Type or Extent
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A media type or extent.

Method of Accrual
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A method by which resources are added to a collection.

Method of Instruction
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A process that is used to engender knowledge, attitudes, and skills.

NLM
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2005-06-13
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of conceptual resources specified by the National Library of Medicine Classification.

DCMI Period
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of time intervals defined by their limits according to the DCMI Period Encoding Scheme.

Period of Time
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An interval of time that is named or defined by its start and end dates.
subclass of: Location, Period, or Jurisdiction

Physical Medium
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
description: Examples include paper, canvas, or DVD.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A physical material or carrier.
subclass of: Media Type

Physical Resource
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A material thing.

DCMI Point
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of points in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Point Encoding Scheme.

Policy
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A plan or course of action by an authority, intended to influence and determine decisions, actions, and other matters.

Provenance Statement
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: Any changes in ownership and custody of a resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.

RFC 1766
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of tags, constructed according to RFC 1766, for the identification of languages.

RFC 3066
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
description: RFC 3066 has been obsoleted by RFC 4646.
issued: 2002-07-13
comment: The set of tags constructed according to RFC 3066 for the identification of languages.

RFC 4646
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
description: RFC 4646 obsoletes RFC 3066.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The set of tags constructed according to RFC 4646 for the identification of languages.

RFC 5646
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
description: RFC 5646 obsoletes RFC 4646.
issued: 2010-10-11
comment: The set of tags constructed according to RFC 5646 for the identification of languages.

Rights Statement
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A statement about the intellectual property rights (IPR) held in or over a resource, a legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource, or a statement about access rights.

Size or Duration
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
description: Examples include a number of pages, a specification of length, width, and breadth, or a period in hours, minutes, and seconds.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A dimension or extent, or a time taken to play or execute.
subclass of: Media Type or Extent

Standard
type: Class
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A reference point against which other things can be evaluated or compared.

TGN
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of places specified by the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.

UDC
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
type: VocabularyEncodingScheme
comment: The set of conceptual resources specified by the Universal Decimal Classification.

URI
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of identifiers constructed according to the generic syntax for Uniform Resource Identifiers as specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force.

W3C-DTF
type: Datatype
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The set of dates and times constructed according to the W3C Date and Time Formats Specification.

Abstract
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A summary of the resource.
sub property of: description
sub property of: Description

Access Rights
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Rights Statement
description: Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
issued: 2003-02-15
comment: Information about who access the resource or an indication of its security status.
sub property of: rights
sub property of: Rights

Accrual Method
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Method of Accrual
description: Recommended practice is to use a value from the Collection Description Accrual Method Vocabulary [[DCMI-ACCRUALMETHOD](https://dublincore.org/groups/collections/accrual-method/)].
issued: 2005-06-13
comment: The method by which items are added to a collection.
domain: Collection

Accrual Periodicity
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Frequency
description: Recommended practice is to use a value from the Collection Description Frequency Vocabulary [[DCMI-COLLFREQ](https://dublincore.org/groups/collections/frequency/)].
issued: 2005-06-13
comment: The frequency with which items are added to a collection.
domain: Collection

Accrual Policy
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Policy
description: Recommended practice is to use a value from the Collection Description Accrual Policy Vocabulary [[DCMI-ACCRUALPOLICY](https://dublincore.org/groups/collections/accrual-policy/)].
issued: 2005-06-13
comment: The policy governing the addition of items to a collection.
domain: Collection

Alternative Title
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: An alternative name for the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: title
sub property of: Title

Audience
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent Class
description: Recommended practice is to use this property with non-literal values from a vocabulary of audience types.
issued: 2001-05-21
comment: A class of agents for whom the resource is intended or useful.

Date Available
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Date that the resource became or will become available.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Bibliographic Citation
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
issued: 2003-02-15
comment: A bibliographic reference for the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: identifier
sub property of: Identifier

Conforms To
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Standard
issued: 2001-05-21
comment: An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Contributor
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent
description: The guidelines for using names of persons or organizations as creators apply to contributors.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource.
sub property of: contributor

Coverage
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Jurisdiction
range includes: Location
range includes: DCMI Period
description: Spatial topic and spatial applicability may be a named place or a location specified by its geographic coordinates. Temporal topic may be a named period, date, or date range. A jurisdiction may be a named administrative entity or a geographic place to which the resource applies. Recommended practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names [[TGN](https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/tgn/index.html)]. Where appropriate, named places or time periods may be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges. Because coverage is so broadly defined, it is preferable to use the more specific subproperties Temporal Coverage and Spatial Coverage.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, spatial applicability of the resource, or jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.
sub property of: coverage

Date Created
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Date of creation of the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Creator
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent
description: Recommended practice is to identify the creator with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the creator may be provided.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An entity responsible for making the resource.
sub property of: creator
sub property of: Contributor

Date
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended practice is to express the date, date/time, or period of time according to ISO 8601-1 [[ISO 8601-1](https://www.iso.org/iso-8601-date-and-time-format.html)] or a published profile of the ISO standard, such as the W3C Note on Date and Time Formats [[W3CDTF](https://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime)] or the Extended Date/Time Format Specification [[EDTF](http://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)]. If the full date is unknown, month and year (YYYY-MM) or just year (YYYY) may be used. Date ranges may be specified using ISO 8601 period of time specification in which start and end dates are separated by a '/' (slash) character. Either the start or end date may be missing.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource.
domain: Inspection
range: Literal
sub property of: date

Date Accepted
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty. Examples of resources to which a date of acceptance may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal).
issued: 2002-07-13
comment: Date of acceptance of the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Date Copyrighted
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Typically a year. Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2002-07-13
comment: Date of copyright of the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Date Submitted
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty. Examples of resources to which a 'Date Submitted' may be relevant include a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal).
issued: 2002-07-13
comment: Date of submission of the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Description
type: NamedIndividual
description: Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An account of the resource.
sub property of: description

Audience Education Level
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent Class
issued: 2002-07-13
comment: A class of agents, defined in terms of progression through an educational or training context, for which the described resource is intended.
sub property of: Audience

Extent
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Size or Duration
description: Recommended practice is to specify the file size in megabytes and duration in ISO 8601 format.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The size or duration of the resource.
sub property of: format
sub property of: Format

Format
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Extent
range includes: Media Type
description: Recommended practice is to use a controlled vocabulary where available. For example, for file formats one could use the list of Internet Media Types [[MIME](https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml)]. Examples of dimensions include size and duration.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
sub property of: format

Has Format
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Format Of.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is substantially the same as the pre-existing described resource, but in another format.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Has Part
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Part Of.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Has Version
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Version Of.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Identifier
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to an identification system. Examples include International Standard Book Number (ISBN), Digital Object Identifier (DOI), and Uniform Resource Name (URN). Persistent identifiers should be provided as HTTP URIs.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
range: Literal
sub property of: identifier

Instructional Method
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Method of Instruction
description: Instructional Method typically includes ways of presenting instructional materials or conducting instructional activities, patterns of learner-to-learner and learner-to-instructor interactions, and mechanisms by which group and individual levels of learning are measured. Instructional methods include all aspects of the instruction and learning processes from planning and implementation through evaluation and feedback.
issued: 2005-06-13
comment: A process, used to engender knowledge, attitudes and skills, that the described resource is designed to support.

Is Format Of
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Has Format.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A pre-existing related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Is Part Of
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Has Part.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Is Referenced By
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of References.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Is Replaced By
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Replaces.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that supplants, displaces, or supersedes the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Is Required By
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Requires.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that requires the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Is Version Of
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Has Version.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Date Issued
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Date of formal issuance of the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Language
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Linguistic System
description: Recommended practice is to use either a non-literal value representing a language from a controlled vocabulary such as ISO 639-2 or ISO 639-3, or a literal value consisting of an IETF Best Current Practice 47 [[IETF-BCP47](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47)] language tag.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A language of the resource.
sub property of: language

License
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: License Document
description: Recommended practice is to identify the license document with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the license may be provided.
issued: 2004-06-14
comment: A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
sub property of: rights
sub property of: Rights

Mediator
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent Class
description: In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver.
issued: 2001-05-21
comment: An entity that mediates access to the resource.
sub property of: Audience

Medium
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
domain includes: Physical Resource
range includes: Physical Medium
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: The material or physical carrier of the resource.
sub property of: format
sub property of: Format

Date Modified
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Date on which the resource was changed.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Provenance
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Provenance Statement
description: The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
issued: 2004-09-20
comment: A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.

Publisher
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: An entity responsible for making the resource available.
sub property of: publisher

References
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Referenced By.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Relation
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to identify the related resource by means of a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a string conforming to a formal identification system may be provided.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A related resource.
sub property of: relation

Replaces
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Replaced By.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is supplanted, displaced, or superseded by the described resource.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Requires
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. This property is an inverse property of Is Required By.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A related resource that is required by the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
sub property of: relation
sub property of: Relation

Rights
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Rights Statement
description: Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights. Recommended practice is to refer to a rights statement with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value (name, label, or short text) may be provided.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: Information about rights held in and over the resource.
sub property of: rights

Rights Holder
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Agent
description: Recommended practice is to refer to the rights holder with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the rights holder may be provided.
issued: 2004-06-14
comment: A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.

Source
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: This property is intended to be used with non-literal values. The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a URI or a string conforming to a formal identification system.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A related resource from which the described resource is derived.
sub property of: source
sub property of: Relation

Spatial Coverage
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Location
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Spatial characteristics of the resource.
sub property of: coverage
sub property of: Coverage

Subject
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to refer to the subject with a URI. If this is not possible or feasible, a literal value that identifies the subject may be provided. Both should preferably refer to a subject in a controlled vocabulary.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A topic of the resource.
sub property of: subject

Table Of Contents
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: A list of subunits of the resource.
sub property of: description
sub property of: Description

Temporal Coverage
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
range includes: Period of Time
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Temporal characteristics of the resource.
sub property of: coverage
sub property of: Coverage

Title
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: A name given to the resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: title

Type
type: AnnotationProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the DCMI Type Vocabulary [[DCMI-TYPE](http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-type-vocabulary/)]. To describe the file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource, use the property Format.
issued: 2008-01-14
comment: The nature or genre of the resource.
sub property of: type

Date Valid
type: AnnotationProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
type: NamedIndividual
description: Recommended practice is to describe the date, date/time, or period of time as recommended for the property Date, of which this is a subproperty.
issued: 2000-07-11
comment: Date (often a range) of validity of a resource.
range: Literal
sub property of: date
sub property of: Date

Slate Structural Defect
type: Class
comment: A Slate Structural Defect represents a physical damage potentially affecting the integrity or position of a roof slate, such as broken, displaced, or missing slate.
subclass of: ClassifiedDamage

confidence
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The confidence associated with an observation or assessment of a damage.
domain: Damage
range: decimal
sub property of: topDataProperty

Orthophoto
type: Class
comment: An Orthophoto is a geometrically corrected image produced from photogrammetric processing, providing a uniform scale representation of roof surfaces and serving as spatial evidence for damage documentation.
subclass of: Image

Roof Inspection
type: Class
comment: A Roof Inspection is a specialised inspection activity focusing on the condition assessment of roof elements, during which visual observations, images, and damage documentation are produced
subclass of: Inspection

Roof Pitch
type: Class
comment: A Roof Pitch is a subdivision of a roof used as a spatial unit for inspection and damage documentation.
subclass of: BuildingElementPart

Slate Biological Growth
type: Class
comment: Slate Biological Growth represents biologically induced surface conditions observed on roof slates, such as algae, moss, and lichen. These forms of growth are not necessarily defects in themselves, but are indicative of persistent moisture, local environmental conditions, and reduced drying potential. The presence and distribution of biological growth may signal emerging risks, particularly at junctions or areas prone to water retention, and therefore support interpretation of roof condition and prioritisation of further inspection.
subclass of: ClassifiedDamage

has Pitch
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Represents a part–whole relationship where a roof consists of one or more pitches. Conceptually aligned with standard part–whole relations (e.g. BFO:has_part), without importing upper-level ontologies.
domain: Roof
range: Roof Pitch
inverse of: is Pitch Of

Roof Damage Ontology
type: Ontology
publisher: Cyberbuild, University of Edinburgh
Date Created: 2026-02-06
creator: Frederic Bosche, University of Edinburgh
creator: Jiajun Li, University of Edinburgh
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
preferred namespace prefix: rdo
preferred namespace uri: https://w3id.org/rdo#
comment: This ontology provides a semantic framework for representing roof condition inspection information, including roofs and roof pitches, inspections, orthophotos, and image-derived defect observations. It is designed to support structured documentation, querying, and interoperability within digital twin–based workflows for roof condition monitoring and maintenance, particularly in the context of existing and heritage buildings.
comment: This ontology was developed with support from Historic Environment Scotland (HES) and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), and informed by collaboration with domain experts in heritage roof inspection and maintenance.
imports: foaf
imports: buildingelement
imports: https://w3id.org/dot/0.8
version IRI: https://w3id.org/rdo/0.5
version info: 0.5

2D location
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The 2D image location of the observation expressed in pixel coordinates within the associated image or orthophoto.
domain: Damage Observation Image Location
range: string

data acquisition type
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Specifies how inspection data were acquired, describing the data acquisition method used during an inspection (e.g. UAV-based photogrammetry, ground-based visual inspection, handheld photography, or mixed approaches). This property supports interpretation of inspection outcomes by making data provenance explicit.
domain: Inspection
range: string

Damage Observation Image Location
type: Class
comment: A Damage Observation Image Location represents the spatial localisation of a detected or observed damage within an image or orthophoto.

Damage Inspection Observation
type: Class
comment: A Damage Inspection Observation represents an observation made during an inspection indicating the presence of a potential damage.
subclass of: Damage

has Inspection Observation
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a damage presence and the corresponding inspection observation.
domain: Damage
range: Damage Inspection Observation
inverse of: is Inspection Observation Of

is Composed Of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between classified damage instances forming a composite classified damage.
domain: Damage
range: Damage

affects Product
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a damage and the product it affects.
domain: Damage
range: Product

analysis type
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Specifies the type of analysis applied to inspection data, such as AI-assisted image analysis, manual expert assessment, or hybrid approaches. This property clarifies how inspection findings and defect classifications were produced, and helps to make potential limitations of the inspection results explicit.
domain: Inspection
range: string

environmental context
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Describes the environmental conditions surrounding the building or present at the time of inspection that may influence moisture behaviour, surface visibility, and deterioration processes. Where more detailed environmental information is required, this property may be aligned with external weather or climate ontologies (e.g., https://bimerr.iot.linkeddata.es/def/weather/) to enable richer and time-specific representations.
domain: Inspection
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

exposure level
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Characterises the degree to which a pitch is exposed to weathering forces (e.g., sheltered or exposed). Exposure level influences the likelihood of wind-driven rain penetration, accelerated weathering of materials, and deterioration at junctions, but does not alone determine the presence or severity of defects.
domain: Roof Pitch
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

condition level
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
comment: Represents the assessed condition rating of a building element (e.g., roof or roof pitch), derived from visual inspection and used to indicate the severity of deterioration and the urgency of maintenance or repair. The value typically follows standardised building survey rating systems, such as the RICS Condition Ratings (1–3, traffic light system) or equivalent condition indices (e.g., numerical scales indicating maintenance, restoration, or replacement needs).
domain: Product
range: string

Defect type
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: This data property specifies the type of defect identified for a Classified Damage during roof inspection. The defect types are expressed as descriptive values rather than modelled as individuals. They reflect inspection outcomes and expert interpretation. Typical defect types include: Slate Biological Growth (subclass of Classified Damage): – algae: thin biological growth typically associated with surface moisture and damp environmental conditions; – lichen: slow-growing biological organisms indicating long-term environmental exposure; – moss: thicker biological growth that retains moisture and may contribute to accelerated material deterioration. Slate Structural Defect (subclass of Classified Damage): – broken slate: cracked or fractured slate that may allow water penetration; – displaced slate: slate that has moved from its original position, potentially compromising weather tightness; – missing slate: complete absence of a slate, directly exposing underlying roof layers. The listed defect types are illustrative and not intended to form an exhaustive taxonomy.
domain: ClassifiedDamage
range: string

repair status
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Represents the observed or inferred repair status of a damage instance relative to the latest available inspection results, and where applicable, comparisons across multiple inspections. The status reflects the current observation-based interpretation and does not necessarily indicate the existence of an explicit repair record. Typical values include: - "active": The damage is explicitly detected and confirmed to be present in the latest inspection. - "not_observed": The damage is not detected in the latest inspection. This does not imply that the damage has been repaired, as the absence may be due to occlusion, limited visibility, data quality issues, or detection uncertainty. - "likely_repaired": Based on comparisons across multiple inspections, there is strong observational evidence suggesting that the damage may have been repaired; however, no explicit repair record or confirmation is available. - "confirmed_repaired": The damage is considered repaired based on explicit confirmation, such as a repair record, maintenance documentation, or expert validation. This status indicates recorded confirmation rather than purely observation-based inference.
domain: ClassifiedDamage
range: string

resolution
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The resolution of the orthophoto, representing the size of each pixel in meters. For example, a value of "0.005" means each pixel represents 5mm by 5mm.
domain: Image
range: decimal

3D location
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The 3D spatial location of the damage instance in the real-world coordinate system.
domain: Damage
range: string

has Damage Observation Location
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between an Image and one or more Damage Observation Image Locations recorded within that image. This property is the inverse of has Image and enables queries from an image to the damage observation locations it contains.
domain: Image
range: Damage Observation Image Location
inverse of: has Image

has Image
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a damage image location and the corresponding image.
domain: Damage Observation Image Location
range: Image

has Location In
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Links a Damage Inspection Observation to the corresponding Damage Observation Image Location where it is spatially located within visual documentation. This property is the inverse of locates and enables queries from inspection observations to their associated image locations.
domain: Damage Inspection Observation
range: Damage Observation Image Location
inverse of: locates

is Inspection Observation Of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between an inspection observation and the corresponding damage entity

junction context
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: A description of whether and how a damage is associated with a junction. This property is used to record junction-related context that is difficult to capture purely geometrically, such as “junction between slate and leadwork (material junction)” or “junction between roof and masonry (element junction)”. Junction information supports interpretation of likely failure mechanisms and potential water ingress pathways.
domain: Damage
range: string

junction type
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Indicates the junction category relevant to the damage (e.g., material junction or element junction). This supports consistent reporting and querying of junction-related failures.
domain: Damage
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

locates
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Represents the relationship between a damage image location (e.g. a region on an orthophoto) and the damage inspection observation it refers to. This allows a detected damage observed during an inspection to be spatially located within visual documentation.
domain: Damage Observation Image Location
range: Damage Inspection Observation

orientation
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Represents the facing direction (aspect) of a pitch (e.g., cardinal direction or azimuth). Orientation is pitch-specific and supports interpretation of differential moisture retention, biological growth, and weathering patterns observed during inspection, particularly where multiple pitches on the same roof exhibit different deterioration behaviours.
domain: Roof Pitch
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

Pitch angle
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Pitch angle is a numerical value (expressed in degrees) representing the inclination of a roof surface. This property uses a decimal value to allow precise measurement. Indicative threshold ranges may be applied for roof characterisation: pitch angles below 10° typically indicate flat roofs; values between 10° and 45° represent low-pitched roofs; and angles greater than 45° indicate steeply pitched roofs. Variations in pitch angle influence drainage behaviour, exposure conditions, defect susceptibility, and inspection and maintenance considerations.
domain: Roof Pitch
range: decimal

relative position
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Specifies the relative position of a pitch within the overall roof configuration (e.g., upper pitch or lower pitch). Relative position is important for inspection interpretation, as lower pitches may receive runoff, debris, or moisture from higher pitches, and are often associated with junction-related issues and concealed water ingress pathways.
domain: Roof Pitch
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

Roof build-up
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: A description of the roof build-up (construction make-up), capturing the main roof-related elements and underlying materials relevant to condition assessment. This may include slates, ridge coverings, mortar fillets at wall abutments, lead flashings, wallhead/parapet gutters, chimney stacks, associated stonework/brickwork, and underlying layers such as masonry, lead, mortar, sarking/timber, or flat-roofing materials. This property is intended to record practical construction knowledge often missing from BIM models and to support interpretation of junction-related defects and water ingress mechanisms.
domain: Roof
range: string
sub property of: topDataProperty

is Pitch Of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relationship between a pitch and the roof it belongs to.
domain: Roof Pitch
range: Roof